CONNECTOR.AE 48 CONNECTOR.AE 49 Health and Wellness Health and Wellness Understanding Kidney Stones: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments Kidney stones, also known as urolithiasis, are solid formations formed of minerals and salts that form within the kidneys. They are common in men and women and are majorly caused due to improper diet, excessive body weight, certain medical conditions, and some supplements or medications. These stones can affect any part of the urinary tract, from the kidneys to the bladder. Often, stone formation occurs when urine becomes consolidated, leading minerals to crystallise and stick together. According to theNational Kidney Foundation, more than half a million individuals opt for emergency medical care for kidney stone issues yearly. About one in ten people will experience kidney stones during their lifetime. What Causes Kidney Stones While there is no one reason for kidney stones, it is certainly caused due to inadequate water intake, inconsistent exercise levels, obesity, weight loss surgery, and the consumption of food high in salt or sugar. Besides, infections and a family history of kidney stones can be important factors. Another major factor is low urine volume, which may result from dehydration due to vigorous exercise, living in hot climates, or insufficient fluid intake. Increasing fluid intake helps dilute salts, reducing stone risk. In fact, adults prone to stones should consume about 3 litres of liquids, primarily water, is recommended. Lastly, excessive fructose consumption, found in table sugar and high fructose corn syrup, is related to an increased risk of kidney stone development. Obesity also raises stone risk by altering urine acidity. However, addressing these factors, remaining hydrated, and following a balanced diet can lower the risk of kidney stones. Symptoms Of Kidney Stones Kidney stones range in size, ranging from as small as a grain of sand to as large as a golf ball. Larger stones typically show more noticeable symptoms. Common signs include severe pain on either side of the lower back, constant stomach ache, blood in the urine, nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, and cloudy or stinking urine. This pain comes in spirals and may also be accompanied by an intense urge to urinate, increased urination frequency and burning sensation during urination. Kidney stones cause pain when they irritate or block the urinary tract, leading to rapidonset, intense pain. While small stones may pass with pain relievers, larger ones causing lasting symptoms or complications may require additional treatment, including surgery in severe cases.
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